One of the most complete examples known of Tomas Lopez de Vargas's composite atlas of the Spanish Empire, with 83 maps of Spanish overseas territories, the New World, in addition to the Iberian Peninsula; all published between 1755 and 1798, and signed by Tomás López de Vargas Machuca (1730-1802) or his sons, Juan and Tomás Mauricio.

The maps in this atlas span López's entire career, and include two of his earliest and scarcest charts, 'Mapa marítimo del Golfo de México …' and 'Mapa Náutico de los mares comprehendidos entre Asia y América llamados por los navegantes Mar de Sur o Mar Pacífico' published jointly with Juan de la Cruz Cano y Olmedilla in Paris in 1755 and 1756 respectively; as well as one of his last, 'Mapa de la provincia de Estremadura', dated 1798.

Tomas Lopez de Vargas Machuca (1731-1802), was the only important Spanish cartographer of the eighteenth century to publish extensively, and to therefore break what was in effect Spanish censorship of geographical information on its American possessions. He spent his early years in Paris as the pupil of the great French cartographer Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville, but in 1760 was recalled to Spain. During his career, Lopez published several atlases, including one of America in 1758, and a miniature atlas of Spain. He became Royal Geographer to King Charles III in 1780, with the task of mapping all the different regions of Spain. In preparation for such a great undertaking he sent out a questionnaire to individual parishes, asking them for information on their local area. These regional maps were intended to accompany his ambitious work 'Diccionario Geográfico-Histórico de España', which was never completed. In 1795, Lopez was authorised to create a geographic agency for the secretary of state.

After Lopez' death in 1802, his sons Juan and Tomás Mauricio published the folio-size 'Atlas Geographico de España', compiled from the best maps their father had made of each Spanish province (dated 1804, 1810 and 1830). Additionally, a number of composite atlases by him (and his sons), including maps of the overseas territories of the Spanish Empire are known.

The present work contains a comprehensive collection of regional maps of the Iberian Peninsula, showing the new administrative organisation established by Philip V of Bourbon in the Nueva Planta Decrees (1707-1716): two large general maps of Spain, one ancient, and one modern; nearly fifty provincial maps of Spain; and one of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the restoration of the House of Braganza in 1640 until the end of the reign of the Marquis of Pombal in 1777, was a constant period of transition for Portugal, and so a great temptation to the expansionist interests of Spain. In 1762, Spain declared war against Portugal, with disastrous results for Spain, and a victory for the Portuguese: the Spaniards would lose to the Portuguese nearly all the territory they had conquered during the conflict Colonia do Sacramento was given back by the treaty of Paris, which ended the war, and Rio Grande do Sul would be retaken from the Spanish army during the undeclared war of 1763-1777. Portugal retained all its conquests: Rio Negro Valley and Guapore's right bank/Mato Grosso.

The atlas also contains maps showing Spanish overseas possessions: the Balearic and Canary Islands; North Africa; the Marianas Islands; and important maps of the New World. Of particular significance and rarity, are a group of maps showing the west coast of North America; the Gulf Coast; Louisiana, with the Mississippi River and the Great Lakes; New Mexico and Central America.

The first published Spanish chart of the Gulf Coast
'Mapa Maritimo del Golfo de Mexico e Islas de la America, Para el uso de los Navigantes en esta Parte del Mundo...' [Madrid] 1755, is the first true sea chart of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean to be published in Spain.

Even though Lopez published an atlas of America in 1758 (see Phillips, Atlases, 1159), it did not contain this particular chart, which only seems to appear in a few composite atlases, as here. An important chart, showing territory that Spain would both lose (Florida) and gain (Louisiana), and extending to include the West Indies, Central and northern South America.

In its sources and its depiction, Lopez's chart is complex and sophisticated: it shows Florida as a broken archipelago, a form first introduced on Juan Bisente's manuscript chart drawn in Spain in 1700, and which first appeared in print on John Thornton's chart of the West Indies, 1706. This form for Florida was followed by many cartographers throughout the eighteenth century, including the French mapmakers, and Lopez's mentors, D'Anville and Bellin, and there is a relationship between this chart and those published by D'Anville in 1731 and 1746, in terms of the depiction of Florida as an archipelago. However, the similarity ends there and Lopez's "depiction of the Texas river system is far superior to D'Anville's, and clearly derived from original Spanish sources" (Taliaferro).

The coast of Texas is dominated by the great "Lago de St. Joseph" (St. Joseph's Bay) and "Baia de S. Bernardo" (an amalgam of Matagorda and Galveston Bays), which appeared on many printed maps and charts of the period, including those of D'Anville and Bellin. But the order and configuration for the rivers flowing into these bays and the rest of the coast is quite different and more advanced. D'Anville, Bouache and Bellin follow Delisle (1718) and show the Nueces as a tributary of the Rio Grande, while Lopez correctly shows it debouching directly into the gulf. Lopez then shows in order the Medina (Aransas or Blanco), Leon (San Antonio) and Guadeloupe rivers, all flowing into the great St. Joseph's Bay. The Colorado ("R. de las Canes") and Trinity ("R. de la Trinidad").

Rare: although held in a number of institutions worldwide, this map has only appeared at auction three times since 1998. (Charting Louisiana (Historic New Orleans Collection), plate 34, p. 77; Phillips 685).

The first map of Louisiana as a Spanish Possession
'La Luisiana cedida al rei N.S. por S.M. Christianisima, con La Nueva Orleans, e isla en que se halla esta ciudad' (map 70 page 93), is the first map of Louisiana as a new Spanish possession, and was produced by Tomás López in 1762. The main map, which occupies the lower half of the sheet, depicts the Gulf of Mexico, from Río del Norte or Río Bravo to Florida, including Texas, Georgia, Carolina and Illinois. It shows New Orleans, the Delta of the Mississippi and part of its course, including some sections of Lakes Michigan, Erie and Superior in the north. Above the main map are two inset maps: a plan of the city of New Orleans, which has a key indicating the location of sixteen landmarks; and a map of the headwaters and course of the Mississippi to the north, with text noting "Río Mississipi hasta donde se conoce su curso" – "The Mississippi river as far as can be determined".


Based on the maps of, and credited to d'Anville and Bellin, by Lopez, this map was published in 1762 to commemorate the acquisition of Louisiana from France by the Treaty of San Ildefonso in November of that year. It is the first map of Louisiana as a Spanish possession at the end of the Seven Years War. A pivotal moment in Louisiana's history, the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers are shown in great detail; most of present-day Texas, as Tejas, is shown. Numerous Indian tribes and villages are identified in a region that is almost devoid of European settlement.

Rare: only six examples are held in American institutions (Harvard College Library, Library of Congress in Washington, University of Virginia, University of Texas at Arlington, Huntington Library, and University of Michigan); two in Germany (Wurttembergische Landesbibliothek and Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek), one in Madrid (Biblioteca Nacional de España), and one in Paris (Bibliothèque nationale de France); it has only appeared at auction five times 1923. (Charting Louisiana' 34; Lowery 467; Streeter sale, 6:3913).


Spanish exploration of the Pacific Northwest
'Carta Reducida que comprende las costas septentrionales De la California…', (map 67, page 90), was prepared by López's son, Tomás Mauricio in 1796, and shows the west coast of North America, as explored by Bruno de Heceta y Fontecha (1743-1807) and Juan Francisco de Bodega y Quadra in 1775 (died 1794), and Ignacio Artega and De Bodega y Quadra in 1779. It extends to include Punta de los Mártires (present day Point Grenville in the state of Washington, USA), Sitka Sound and Port Etches Bay in Alaska. The main map is based on a manuscript map by Juan Pantoja y Arriaga; the inset map is after Josef Camacho.

Heceta was Commander of San Blas Port in Mexico from 1773, from where he conducted extensive surveys of the Pacific coast while supplying the network of Spanish Missions from his base. In July of 1773, he sailed to what is now Oregon and Washington State, to halt the southern encroachment of the area by the Russians.

In 1774, Bodega arrived in Mexico, with the specific mission of charting the coast of the Pacific Northwest. Aboard the Sonora he joined forces with Heceta in the Santiago, attempting to discover a sea passage from the Pacific to the Atlantic. Despite suffering from scurvy, being attacked by native Indians, and nearly drowning in terrible storms, Bodega and his men claimed Bucareli (now Greenville), the harbours of Guadalupe and Remedios on Krussof Island, and the Prince of Wales Islands, Quadra (now Queen Charlotte and Vancouver Island) for the Spanish Crown. Stopping in San Francisco and Monterey, the Sonora arrived back in San Blas in November of 1775.

In 1779, in command of the Los Remedios, Bodega returned to Bucareli Port and Prince of Wales Island. He extended his voyage north as far as the 60th parallel before returning to San Blas. In 1791, he set forth one last time, this time to Nootka Bay to try and resolve the sovereignty of Vancouver Island. Something that remained a bone of contention until 1846, when it became officially British territory.

Rare: only six institutional examples are known worldwide (The British Library, Biblioteca Nacional de España in Madrid, Newberry Library in Chicago, Huntington Library in San Marino, USA, Library of Congress in Washington, UC Berkeley Libraries); and it has only appeared twice at auction since 1923. (Wagner 834, and 835 for inset; Orazco y Berra, 1255, p 197; WL 709; Verner-Stubbs, no. 39; Kershaw no. 1171 plate 920).


"Exceedingly defective" (Humboldt)
'Mapa geográfico del gobierno de la Nueva Granada o Nuevo Mexico: con las provincias de Navajo y Moqui' (map 78, page 102), prepared by López's son Juan in 1795, is of New Mexico and the Rio Grande, centered on Santa Fe. It also depicts the Navajo region, as well as Albuquerque, part of the Rocky Mountains, Río del Tizón and Río Navajo in the east.

Famously Humboldt tried to use the map, and cited it with frustration in his 'Political History of New Spain, English edition', 1811, Vol. I, p lxxxiii: "I have made no use of it. It appears exceedingly defective as to the sources of the Rio del Norte". Wheat, agreed, calling it "a curious concatenation of facts and errors, as might have been expected from its author's stated authorities. The only one of these which could possibly have afforded him light is his last, and of this we cannot be certain, for it was a manuscript map of New Mexico, of whose authorship Lopez expressed ignorance...".

The letterpress title across the top gives what must be rather dubious sources used in the compilation of the map, with information about Río del Tizón, which may be current Green River. It also contains a key pinpointing native towns, Spanish settlements and the location of 'missions' and 'failed missions'.

Rare: only two institutional examples are known (Yale University Library and Huntington Library); it has only appeared four times at auction since 1923. (W-TW 232. WL 703; Streeter 151; Orzco y Berra, 417-418).


Exceptionally rare map of the Pacific
'Mapa Nautico de los mares comprendidos entre Asia y America llamados por los navegantes Mar del Sur o Mar del Pacífic', published by López and Juan de la Cruz Cano y Olmedilla in 1756, during their stay in Paris. It is a reduced version of 'Carte Reduite des Mers Comprises Entre l'Asie et l'Amerique Apelees par les Navigateurs Mer du Sud ou Mer Pacifique' first published by the Depot de la Marine in 1742 and then again in 1756.

The chart extends west to include what is now known as Cape York Peninsula, Tasmania, and the west coast of New Zealand; and east to the west coast of North and South America. The French version, includes more landmass, both east and west, but the title-cartouche is almost identical. Nevertheless, the map is exceedingly rare: with only two institutional examples known (the National Library of Scotland and the Bibliothèque Nationale de France); and it has appeared only once at auction since 1938.

Although maps by López were extensively distributed in the eighteenth century, surprisingly relative few survive today. Composite atlases with comprehensive content, complete with manuscript contents leaf, such as the present work, are extremely rare. Only the British Library houses two meaningfully comparable atlases:

The first, T.LOP-2a, is a collection of 101 maps bound in two volumes, with sheets 1-42 in volume I, and 43-98 in volume II, the index leaf to volume I which does not correspond to its contents. The maps date from 1760 to 1794, leaving out the works produced by López during his stay in Paris, and the works produced between 1794 and 1802. The contents are organised alphabetically in three distinct parts: the Iberian peninsula and Balearic Islands; Portugal and the border with France; the Atlantic (including America, the Canary Islands and Africa).

The present atlas is not arranged alphabetically, but has a similar structure (Peninsula and Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Africa, America and the Pacific), with contents corresponding to the index leaves at the end. It contains seventeen maps, not present in the British Library example:
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geographico que comprehende el partido de Santo Domingo de la Calzada y Logroño', Madrid, 1787.
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa geográfico del partido y obispado de Badajoz', Madrid, 1794.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del obispado de Plasencia (…)', Madrid, 1797.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del reyno y obispado de Córdoba', Madrid, 1797.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Bahía de Gibraltar', Madrid, 1779.
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa de la Bastitania y Contestania con su correspondencia moderna', Madrid, 1795.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Isla de Cabrera, la de los Conejos, y otras pequeñas'
Madrid, 1782.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico y general de las Islas Baleares y Pithyusas', Madrid, 1783.
LÓPEZ, Tomás Mauricio, 'Carta reducida que comprende las costas septentrionales de la California', Madrid, 1796.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Carta reducida del Golfo de Guinea donde entre otras islas, está la de Annobon, y la de Fernando del Pó', [Madrid, 1778]
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Carta marítima de la Isla de Cuba, que comprehende las jurisdicciones de Filipina, la Havana, las quatro Villas, la de la Villa del Puerto del Príncipe, el Bayamo, y la de la ciudad de Cuba', Madrid, 1783
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Carta náutica que comprehende los desembocaderos al Mar del Norte viniendo de La Jamaica, y de la Isla de Santo Domingo', Madrid, 1782.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Carta de la Isla de Jamaica, dividida en diez y nueve parroquias o Quarteles', Madrid, 1780.
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Carta marítima del Reyno de Tierra Firme u Castilla del Oro, comprehende el istmo y provincia de Panamá, las Provincias de Veragua, Darien y Biruquete', [Madrid], 1786.
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa geográfico del gobierno de la Nueva Granada ó Nuevo Mexico: con las provincias de Navajo y Moqui', Madrid, 1795.
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Carta de navegar de las Islas del Rey, ó de las Perlas, comprehendidas en la Ensenada de Panamá', Madrid, 1792.
LÓPEZ, Thomas, DE LA CRUZ, Juan, 'Mapa Nautico de los mares comprehendidos entre Asia y America llamados por los navegantes Mar de Sur o Mar Pacifico (…)', [Madrid], 1756.

The second composite atlas housed at the British Library, T.LOP -3a, contains 130 maps in two volumes, dated 1761 to 1797. This atlas is bound in an almost identical format, but it includes several city plans and maps not present in our atlas (such as the map of the Chafarinas Islands, Gulf of Tunes, Azores, Nueva Inglaterra, Blufields Harbour, Kingston and Puerto Real, Antillas Menores, Martinica Islands, Barbuda, Antigua, San Cristóbal, Mexico city, Marquesas islands and Pascua Island).

The present atlas contains one map, not present in any of the British Library examples: LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico y general de las Islas Baleares y Pithyusas', Madrid, 1793.

The Real Academia de la Historia in Madrid holds six small composite atlases, none of which includes the map of the north coast of California.

No comparable example, equal to this atlas in terms of format and breadth of content, has been offered for sale in current records. All the examples to appear at auction contain considerably fewer maps and do not include most of the North American possessions, present in this volume.

List of maps:

Map 1 (page 1 and 2)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa general de España, dividido en sus actuales provincias, islas adyacentes y reyno de Portugal (…)', Madrid, 1792.
Large folding map on four joined sheets, 820 by 1050 mm, with original hand-colour in outline and ornate cartouche bottom right.

Map 2 (page 3)
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa general de la España antigua en tres partes, Bética, Lusitania y Tarraconense, con la subdivisión de cada una', Madrid, 1786.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, ornate cartouche bottom right.
Map 3 (page 4)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la provincia de Madrid, comprehende el partido de Madrid y el de Almonacid de Zorita', Madrid, 1778.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche top right. Not present in any of the three atlases at the British Library.

Map 4 (page 5)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Provincia de Toledo. Comprehende los partidos de Toledo, Ocaña, Talavera y Alcázar de San Juan', [Madrid], 1768.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche top left.

Map 5 (page 6)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Provincia de Guadalaxara. Comprehende el partido de Guadalaxara, la Tierra de Jadraque, la de Hita, la de Buitrago, el partido de Siguenza, y el de Colmenar Viejo (…) Dedicado al Sr. D. Pedro de Castejón (…)', [Madrid], 1766.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche with title and dedication at top left.

Map 6 (page 7)
LÓPEZ, Thomas, 'Mapa del obispado y provincia de Cuenca (...) Dedicado al Excmo. Sr. D. Joseph Manuel López Pacheco Téllez Girón (…)', [Madrid], 1766.
Folding map in two joined sheets, each 410 by 670 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, Baroque cartouche top right, on light blue paper.

Map 7 (page 8)
LÓPEZ, Thomas, 'Provincia de La Mancha, donde se comprehenden los partidos de Ciudad-Real, Infantes y Alcaraz (…) dedicada al S. D. Joseph Elias Gaona Portocarrero', [Madrid], 1765.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche and engraving bottom right, small tear at left edge.

Map 8 (page 9 and 10)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográgico del Arzobispado de Toledo, que contiene las dos grandes vicarías generales de Toledo y Alcalá divididas en sus partidos y así mismo dedicado al Emmo y Excmo Sr. D. Francisco Antonio, Cardenal de Lorenzana, arzobispo de Toledo (…)', Madrid, 1792.
Large folding map in four sheets joined as two, each 410 by 930 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche top left and letterpress at left and right-hand sides.

Map 9 (page 11)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del Señorío de Molina, comprehende las Sesmas del Campo, del Pedregal, de la Sierra y del Sabinar', Madrid, 1785.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche top right.

Map 10 (page 12)
LÓPEZ, Thomas, 'Mapa de las cercanías de Madrid', Madrid, 1763.
Sheet size 410 by 540, uncoloured, with title and signature at top right.

Map 11 (page 13)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico de las Sierras de Guadalupe con los terrenos inmediatos comprehendidos entre los ríos Tajo y Guadiana dedicado al Rmo Pe Prior y Monasterio de Santa María la Real de Guadalupe', Madrid, 1781.
Sheet size 410 by 540, uncoloured, with cartouche bottom left.

Map 12 (page 14 and 15)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico de una parte de la Provincia de Burgos que comprehende los partidos de Burgos, Bureva, Castroxeriz, Candemuño, Villadiego, Juarros, Aranda (…)', [Madrid], 1784.
Large folding map, in four sheets joined as two 440 by 880 mm and 440 by 890 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, letterpress on left side, cartouche bottom right, inlaid additions in the lower edges of the four sheets.

Map 13 (page 16 and 17)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa que comprehende el Partido del bastón de Laredo y quatro villas de la costa con todos sus valles y la provincia de Liébana (…)', Madrid, 1774.
Large folding map, in four sheets joined as two 410 by 910 mm and 410 by 870 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 14 (page 18)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geographico que comprehende el partido de Santo Domingo de la Calzada y Logroño, correspondientes a la provincia de Burgos', Madrid, 1787.
Sheet size 410 by 520 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at top right.

Map 15 (pages 19 y 20)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la provincia de Valladolid, dedicado al Excelentísimo Señor Don Pedro de Alcántara (…)', Madrid, 1779.
Large folding map joined in four sheets as two 410 by 970 mm and 410 by 960 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at top left.

Map 16 (pages 21 and 24)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la provincia de Segovia dedicado al Serenísimo Señor Don Luis Antonio Jayme, Infante de España (…)', Madrid, 1773.
Four sheets, joined as two, 410 by 920 and 400 by 920 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom right.

Map 17 (page 22 and 23)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Provincia de Soria que comprehende el partido de su nombre, dividido en cinco sexmos. Las Tierras, Villas y Granjas eximidas'. Madrid, 1783.
Four sheets, joined as two, each 435 by 950 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 18 (page 25)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Provincia de Ávila, dividido en sus territorios y sexmos', Madrid, 1769.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top left.

Map 19 (page 26)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Rioja dividida en Alta, y Baja, con la parte de la Sonsierra que llaman comúnmente Rioja Alavesa', Madrid, 1769.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top right.

Map 20 (page 27, 28, 29)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de una parte de la provincia de Leon, comprehende el partido, Corregimiento, Real Adelantamiento, Jurisdicción Ordinaria, Infantadgo (…)', Madrid, 1786.
Large folding map in six sheets joined as three, each 410 by 950 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 21 (page 30 and 31)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa del principado de Asturias dedicado al Serenissimo Señor Don Carlos Antonio, Principe de Asturias, comprende todos sus concejos, cotos y jurisdicciones', Madrid, 1777.
In four sheets joined as two, each 410 by 920 mm, with inset plan of the city of Oviedo at bottom left and cartouche at right, with original hand-colour in outline.

Map 22 (page 32 and 33)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del Partido de Ponferrada que suelen llamar regularmente Provincia del Vierzo, también comprende la gobernación de Cabrera, y los concejos de Laciana, Ribas del Sil (…)', Madrid, 1786.
In two sheets, each 400 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, letterpress on left side, cartouche at top left.

Map 23 (page 34 and 35)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geographico de la provincia de Palencia, que comprende todos sus valles y jurisdicciones dedicado al Excmo Don Diego Fernández de Velasco', Madrid, 1782.
In two sheets, each 400 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at top right and letterpress on left side.

Map 24 (page 36)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la provincia de Zamora (…)', Madrid, 1773.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at left.

Map 25 (page 37)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico de la partida de Toro', Madrid, 1784
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top right.

Map 26 (page 38)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del partido de Carrión', Madrid, 1785.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top right.

Map 27 (page 39)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del partido de Reynosa, uno de los tres de la provincia de Toro: comprehende sus Hermandades, el Valle Real de Valderedible y Concejos', Madrid, 1785.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top right.

Map 28 (page 40 and 41)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la provincia de Salamanca, en el que se distinguen sus partidos, quartos, sexmos, rodas, campos, concejos y las villas sueltas, dedicado al Excmo señor D. Joseph Alvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga', Madrid, 1783.
Large folding map, in four sheets joined as two, each 410 by 1000 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top left, letterpress on lower part, slightly stained throughout.

Map 29 (page 42)
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa geográfico del partido y obispado de Badajoz: contiene sus arciprestazgos y vicarías, dedicado al excelentísimo señor Don Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria, Rios, Sanchez y Zarzosa, Duque de Alcudia: Señor del Estado de Albalá'
Madrid, 1794.
Sheet size 570 by 520 mm, cartouche at bottom left, with original hand-colour in outline.

Map 30 (page 43 and 44)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico de la Provincia de Estremadura (…)', Madrid, 1798.
Large folding map, in four sheets joined as two, 410 by 770 mm and 410 by 830 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 31 (page 45 and 46)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del obispado de Plasencia (…)', Madrid, 1797.
Two joined sheets, 410 by 530 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at upper right corner.

Map 32 (page 47 and 48)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa del Reyno de Sevilla, dividido en su arzobispado, obispado, y tesorerías (…)', [Madrid], 1767.
Large folding map in four sheets joined as two, 410 by 840 mm and 410 by 880 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 33 (page 49)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del reyno y obispado de Córdoba comprehende los partidos juridisccionales de Córdoba, el Cárpio, los Pedroches y Santa Eufemia'
Madrid, 1797.
Large folding map, in two joined sheets, 540 by 680 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 34 (page 50)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del Reyno de Jaen, dividido en los partidos de Jaen, Baeza, Ubeda, Andujar, Martos y las Poblaciones de Sierra Morena', Madrid, 1787.
Sheet size (410 by 450 mm), with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom right, letterpress on verso.

Map 35 (page 51 and 52)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del Reyno de Granada: contiene los partidos de la ciudad de Granada, su vega y sierra (…)', Madrid, 1795
Large folding map in four sheets joined as two, 400 by 920 mm and 410 by 950 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at top left, with list of contributors to the map and a small map of the south coast of Spain and north Africa.

Map 36 (page 53)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del Adelantamiento y Vicaría de Cazorla conforme al manuscrito del licenciado Don Francisco Manuel de la Torre y Cuebas (…)', Madrid, 1787.
Sheet size 410 by 520, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche and note on left-hand side.

Map 37 (page 54)
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa que comprende la provincial Antigua de Bética, dividida en cuatro conventos jurídicos, según Plinio (…)', Madrid, 1788.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at top center and list of sources at right.

Map 38 (page 55)
LÓPEZ, Thomas, 'Mapa topographico de los payses y costas que forman el Estrecho de Gibraltar con quatro tablas, para saber por los días de la Luna, las horas y los minutos de las mareas, flujo y reflujo de este (…)', [Madrid], 1762.
Sheet size 410 by 520 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, two wind-roses and four tables at left side.

Map 39 (page 56)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la Bahía de Gibraltar', Madrid, 1779.
Sheet size 410 by 540 mm, with original hand-colour in outline.

Map 40 (page 57)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Plano geométrico de la ciudad de Gibraltar con las obras nuevas que han construido los ingleses, nuestras nuevas baterías y la línea que se construyó después de levantado el sitio, el año de 1727', Madrid, 1781.
Sheet size 410 by 530 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, table and text on lower part and two engraved views of the city at top.

Map 41 (page 58)
LÓPEZ, Thomas, 'Mapa del obispado y reyno de Murcia, dividido en sus partidos, construido sobre el impreso de Felipe Vidal y Pinilla y por las memorias particulares remitidas por los naturales', Madrid, 1768.
Sheet size 410 by 520 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at top right, on light blue paper.

Map 42 (page 59)
LÓPEZ, Juan, 'Mapa de la Bastitania y Contestania con su correspondencia moderna'
Madrid, 1795.
Sheet size 410 by 530 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche at bottom left.

Map 43 (page 60 and 61)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa geográfico del Reyno de Galicia: contiene las provincias de Santiago, Coruña, Betanzos, Lugo, Mondoñedo y Tuy (…)', Madrid, 1784.
Large folding map in four sheets joined as two, 410 by 920 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at top left.
Map 44 (page 62)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa del M.N. y M.L. Señorío de Vizcaya compuesto sobre algunos mapas manuscritos, noticias de sus naturales, y en particular de las de Mr. Guillermo Bowles (…)', Madrid, 1769.
Sheet size 410 by 530 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche and engraving at bottom right.

Map 45 (page 63)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la M.N. y M.L. provincia de Gipuzcoa, construido sobre las memorias de los naturales y sobre el mapa de la costa manuscrito levantado por los Ingenieros', Madrid, 1770.
Sheet size 410 by 530 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, with cartouche at bottom right.

Map 46 (page 64)
LÓPEZ, Tomás, 'Mapa de la M.N. y M.L. provincia de Álava, comprende las quadrillas de Vitoria, Salvatierra, Ayala, Guardia, Zuya, Mendoza y sus cinquenta y tres ermandades', [Madrid], 1770.
Sheet size 410 by 530 mm, with original hand-colour in outline, cartouche bottom left.

Map 47 (Page 65 and 66)
LOPEZ, Tomas, 'Mapa del Reyno de Navarra comprehende las Merindades de Pamplona, Estella, Tudela, Sanguessa, Olite, Ciudades, Villas, Valles y Cendeas dedicado al ilustrísimo Señor Don